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| Keywords: ardundel howar dacre tudors elizabeth i elizabethi england united kingdom unitedkingdom etching hollar portrait 17th century 17thcentury Anne Howard, née Dacre, was the Countess of Arundel. She lived from 1557 to 1630 and was a Catholic conspirator. Her husband was imprisoned and became a Catholic saint. Anne was born in Carlisle, England, on 21 March, 1557, the daughter of Thomas Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre of Gilsland, and Elizabeth Leybourn of Cumbria. After her father's death in 1566, Anne's mother married Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, the premier duke of England; she was his third wife. Her mother was openly Catholic during the reign of the Protestant Elizabeth I.[1] Anne married her stepbrother, Philip Howard, then Earl of Surrey, in 1569, with both bride and groom aged twelve. It was not a happy marriage and the couple saw little of each other.[1] She converted to Catholicism in the early 1580s, as did her husband. After her husband was imprisoned in the Tower of London and Anne was sent to her estates, Mary, Queen of Scots made contact with Anne. Her husband died in 1595 of dysentery and was later canonised as St. Philip Howard. The Countess was involved in hiding priests and financially supporting the Jesuits in England. Despite her close links with the Catholic conspiracy to replace Elizabeth I with her cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots, Elizabeth did not have the Howards executed. In fact Mary Stuart wrote to Anne addressing her as "cousin" in 1585.[2] Anne died of natural causes on 19 April 1630, twenty-seven years after the Queen, aged seventy-three.[1] Anne Howard, née Dacre, was the Countess of Arundel. She lived from 1557 to 1630 and was a Catholic conspirator. Her husband was imprisoned and became a Catholic saint. Anne was born in Carlisle, England, on 21 March, 1557, the daughter of Thomas Dacre, 4th Baron Dacre of Gilsland, and Elizabeth Leybourn of Cumbria. After her father's death in 1566, Anne's mother married Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk, the premier duke of England; she was his third wife. Her mother was openly Catholic during the reign of the Protestant Elizabeth I.[1] Anne married her stepbrother, Philip Howard, then Earl of Surrey, in 1569, with both bride and groom aged twelve. It was not a happy marriage and the couple saw little of each other.[1] She converted to Catholicism in the early 1580s, as did her husband. After her husband was imprisoned in the Tower of London and Anne was sent to her estates, Mary, Queen of Scots made contact with Anne. Her husband died in 1595 of dysentery and was later canonised as St. Philip Howard. The Countess was involved in hiding priests and financially supporting the Jesuits in England. Despite her close links with the Catholic conspiracy to replace Elizabeth I with her cousin, Mary, Queen of Scots, Elizabeth did not have the Howards executed. In fact Mary Stuart wrote to Anne addressing her as "cousin" in 1585.[2] Anne died of natural causes on 19 April 1630, twenty-seven years after the Queen, aged seventy-three.[1] | ||||
