Keywords: Mott-Insulator Transition in a Two-Dimensional Atomic Bose Gas.jpg en Time-of-flight images of a two-dimensional Bose gas For shallow lattices the pronounced diffraction peaks indicate that the gas is in a superfluid phase Increasing the lattice depth leads to stronger interactions and eventually results in the formation of a Mott insulator 2013-06-19 15 40 38 Cropped from http //physics nist gov/TechAct 2007/Div842/div842 html also appears in Phys Rev Lett 98 080404 2007 DOI 10 1103/PhysRevLett 98 080404 Ian B Spielman William D Phillips James V Porto PD-USGov Uploaded with UploadWizard Atomic physics Superfluidity Quantum physics |